TRANS​ALLIANCE

What is LTL Freight Class :

A freight class is configured by the combination of weight, value, density, likelihood of damage, and ease of moving. All items have been specifically classified and assigned a category code by the National Motor Freight Traffic Association as a freight industry standard. When determining your freight class, be as specific and accurate as possible in your description to Avoid extra shipping costs by the shipping company

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1. Weight: LTL rates are structured so that the more a shipment weights, the less you pay per hundred pounds. As the weight of the LTL shipment increases and approaches the lowest weight in the next heaviest weight group, it will be rated at the lowest weight category and rate in that weight group.

2. Density: A shipment’s density is one factor that determines LTL rates. Shippers need to know how to calculate a shipment’s density so they can properly describe their goods on the bill of lading. The total weight of the shipment is divided by the total cubic feet to determine the density. If the shipment is palletized, use the dimensions of the pallet, the combined height of the carton and the pallet, and the total weight of the shipment. When determine the dimensions of your shipment, be sure to measure the longest sides including any packaging, overhangs or protrusions. Once density is calculated, you can then figure out the class.

3. Classification of Freight. Every piece of freight has a classification within the LTL world and classification is a big driving force to make up LTL rates. Classes are published in the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC) book by National Motor Traffic Association . NMFTA has established 18 different classes ranging from 50 to 500. The class is determined by product density, value, stow-ability, handling and liability. Lower classes represent very dense freight that is difficult to damage and is easy to handle. Lower classes have lower rates. Conversely, higher classes represent lighter / less dense freight that typically takes up more space. The higher the class, the higher the rate will be. For additional information on freight classification make sure you check out our next blog post in this series on what determines

4. How can I avoid receiving a re-bill? When obtaining a freight quote, the type of commodity, weight, dimensions, pick-up and delivery location, and distance all influence the cost to ship. The best way to avoid a change in shipping rates is to ensure that all information given to Ship All Freight at the time of booking is 100% complete and accurate. When scheduling your shipment, make sure you are as honest and accurate as you can be about the contents, size, and weight of your freight. Proper NMFC and classification is essential.

5. Accessorials/Surcharges. Accessorial charges stem from extra services performed by the carrier that goes beyond the typical dock to dock / business to business pick up and deliveries. Common examples of these charges are lift gate service, residential pickup or delivery, limited access locations (i.e. jails, prisons, churches, schools, storage units) and inside delivery. Accessorial charges can be negotiated to a flat rate or even waived altogether. A fuel surcharge is the most common accessorial as it’s typically factored in on every shipment.